Threats
As for the Threats part of the book, here are some other points beyond land destruction and missionary activity that come to mind:
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Threats
As for the Threats part of the book, here are some other points beyond land destruction and missionary activity that come to mind:
Intensive Agriculture, Logging, and Infrastructure Development
That lead to deforestation and forced contact with indigenous tribes, as seen with the Mashco Piro in Peru
Outsider Interactions and Disease Exposure
Outsider interactions, whether from missionaries or illegal loggers, that can introduce diseases to which tribes (like happened with the Murunahua in the 1990s) that have no immunity against.
Globalization and Cultural Erosion
Globalization also adds pressures, eroding cultural practices and imposing foreign values. (Here we could include tourism too)
Weak Legal Protections and Law Enforcement Development
Weak legal protections and poor law enforcement
Climate Change and Environmental Degradation
That threaten their essential balance with nature, endangering food security and traditional livelihoods. For example, the Ashaninka in Peru, who once fished sustainably with arrows, now use nets due to depleted fish stocks and a degraded environment, leading to scarcity and malnutrition. They also sold their woods to loggers and now their soils can´t produce enough food as they used to.